Nutrition Recommendations for Alzheimer Patients

Neurodegenerative, meaning a disease that affects the neurons in the human brain, Alzheimer leads to the deterioration of cognitive functions such as perception, logical thinking, reasoning, and memory, and affects daily activities. Statistics show that the number one factor leading to the development of this disease, for which there is still no definitive treatment, is advanced age. Some data indicate that combating vascular (related to blood vessels) risk factors such as diabetes, hypertension, obesity, increased fat levels in the blood (Hyperlipidemia), and coronary artery disease may prevent the development of Alzheimer’s. Therefore, it is believed that nutrition and lifestyle adjustments for Alzheimer’s patients can prevent the progression of the disease. Although there is no definitive evidence to support this idea, those who are responsible for caring for Alzheimer’s patients need to prioritize adjusting the patient’s nutrition according to the doctor’s recommendations.

Over time, Alzheimer’s patients become unable to do many things on their own and cannot be left alone. In the advanced stages of the disease, they may experience some nutritional issues, primarily malnutrition. Loss of appetite, nausea, decreased taste and smell sensations, oral and dental health issues, and later deterioration of swallowing function can lead to a decrease in the patient’s food intake. Additionally, the presence of chronic diseases in individuals with Alzheimer’s, the use of various medications, depression, economic issues, and the caregivers’ incorrect behaviors also contribute to malnutrition. The body’s defense system weakens when deprived of necessary nutrients, which can lead to other diseases and, in cases of continued malnutrition, death. Early detection of malnutrition and necessary interventions positively affect the course of the disease.

When adjusting the nutrition and lifestyle of Alzheimer’s patients, special attention should be paid to the following points:

*Increase the consumption of vegetables, fruits, and fish (baked or steamed)

*Ensure adequate intake of E vitamins from natural food sources

*Avoid simple carbohydrates and processed foods

*Increase B12 vitamin intake

*Include dairy products such as yogurt, cottage cheese, and curds, as well as grains, especially bulgur and whole grains, in daily nutrition

*Ensure that elderly patients do not consume excessive amounts of fat

*Encourage the patient to exercise regularly

The risk of muscle wasting and the formation of pressure sores is high in Alzheimer’s patients. This risk increases further in those who are malnourished. Providing care for an Alzheimer’s patient is quite challenging and exhausting, and implementing the above points may not be easy. However, the caregiver(s) must do their best, as the patient’s condition will deteriorate more rapidly if they are not properly nourished and do not move.